Cross-cultural adaptation of the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) scale to Brazilian Portuguese

Bruno Kluwe-Schiavon; Thiago Wendt Viola; Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira

doi:10.1590/2237-6089-2015-0051

Original Article

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) scale to Brazilian Portuguese

Adaptação transcultural da escala Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) para o português brasileiro

Bruno Kluwe-Schiavon; Thiago Wendt Viola; Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2237-6089-2015-0051 Trends Psychiatry Psychother, vol.38, n1, p.33-39, 2016

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Abstract

Introduction : There is strong evidence to indicate that childhood maltreatment can negatively affect both physical and mental health and there is increasing interest in understanding the occurrence and consequences of such experiences. While several tools have been developed to retrospectively investigate childhood maltreatment experiences, most of them do not investigate the experience of witnessing family violence during childhood or bullying exposure. Moreover, the majority of scales do not identify when these experiences may have occurred, who was involved or the feelings evoked, such as helplessness or terror. The Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) scale was developed to overcome these limitations. Objective : In view of the improvements over previous self-report instruments that this new tool offers and of the small number of self-report questionnaires for childhood maltreatment assessment available in Brazil, this study was conducted to conduct cross-cultural adaptation of the MACE scale for Brazilian Portuguese. Method : The following steps were performed: translation, back-translation, committee review for semantic and conceptual evaluation, and acceptability trial for equivalence. Results : Semantic and structural changes were made to the interview to adapt it for the Brazilian culture and all 75 of the items that comprise the longer version of MACE were translated. The results of the acceptability trial suggest that the items are comprehensible. Conclusion : The MACE scales may be useful tools for investigation of childhood maltreatment and make a valuable contribution to research in Brazil. Future studies should consider testing the availability and reliability of the three versions of the instrument translated into Brazilian Portuguese.

Keywords

Early life stress, neglect, abuse, validation, instrument

Resumo

Introdução : Há evidências robustas na literatura indicando que os maus-tratos na infância podem afetar negativamente a saúde física e mental. Além disso, há um crescente interesse em compreender a ocorrência e as consequências dessas experiências. Vários instrumentos vêm sendo desenvolvidos para investigar retrospectivamente experiências de maus-tratos na infância, mas a maioria deles não investiga a experiência de testemunhar violência familiar durante a infância ou a ocorrência de bullying . Além disso, a maioria não identifica quando as experiências ocorreram, quem estava envolvido ou os sentimentos que evocaram, como desespero ou terror. A escala Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) foi desenvolvida para superar essas limitações. Objetivos : Considerando as vantagens dessa nova escala em relação aos instrumentos de autorrelato existentes e o reduzido número de questionários de autorrelato disponíveis no Brasil para avaliar maus-tratos na infância, este estudo teve como objetivo conduzir a adaptação transcultural da escala MACE para o português brasileiro. Método : Foram realizadas as etapas de tradução, retrotradução, análise de equivalência semântica e correspondência conceitual por um comitê avaliador e teste de aceitabilidade. Resultados : Adaptações semânticas e estruturais foram realizadas na entrevista para a realidade cultural brasileira, e todos os 75 itens incluídos na versão estendida da MACE foram traduzidos. Os resultados do teste de aceitabilidade sugerem que os itens foram adequadamente compreendidos. Conclusões : A escala MACE é uma ferramenta útil para a investigação de maus-tratos na infância, contribuindo para a pesquisa no Brasil. Futuros estudos devem considerar testar a validade e fidedignidade das três versões do instrumento traduzidas para o português do Brasil.

Palavras-chave

Estrese precoce, negligência, abuso, validação, instrumento

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Cross-cultural adaptation of the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) scale to Brazilian Portuguese

Adaptação transcultural da escala Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) para o português brasileiro

Bruno Kluwe-Schiavon; Thiago Wendt Viola; Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira

Abstract

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