Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
https://trends.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/2237-6089-2016-0016
Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
Review Article

Personality characteristics and bariatric surgery outcomes: a systematic review

Características de personalidade e desfechos em cirurgia bariátrica: uma revisão sistemática

Suelen Bordignon; Mayra Juliana Galvis Aparício; Juliana Bertoletti; Clarissa Marceli Trentini

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Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Numerous studies have focused on psychological assessment of bariatric surgery candidates, aiming to identify which psychological variables, including personality characteristics, are related to successful surgical prognosis. Objective: To analyze, by means of a systematic literature review, longitudinal studies that investigated personality traits and disorders as possible predictors of outcomes in bariatric surgery. Method: PsycInfo, PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched for studies published between 2005 and 2015, using the keywords “bariatric” AND “personality.” Quantitative longitudinal studies in English, Portuguese, or Spanish were selected for review if they assessed personality as an outcome predictor of BS in people aged 18 years or older. Results: Sixteen articles were analyzed. The results of this review suggest that externalizing dysfunctions might be associated with less weight reduction, while internalizing dysfunctions appear to be associated with somatic concerns and psychological distress. The persistence dimension (of temperament in Cloninger's model) was positively associated with greater weight loss, while neuroticism (Five Factor Model) and the occurrence of personality disorders were not predictive of weight loss. Furthermore, the results indicate a tendency towards a reduction in personality disorders and neuroticism scores, and an increase in extroversion scores, after BS. Conclusions: Assessment of personality characteristics, whether to identify their predictive power or to detect changes during the BS process, is important since it can provide grounds for estimating surgical prognosis and for development of interventions targeting this population.

Keywords

Personality, bariatric surgery, psychopathology, obesity

Resumo

Resumo Introdução: A avaliação psicológica de candidatos à cirurgia bariátrica (CB) tem sido foco de inúmeros estudos com a finalidade de identificar quais as variáveis psicológicas, entre elas as características de personalidade, que se relacionam ao prognóstico cirúrgico. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão sistemática através de estudos longitudinais que investigaram traços e transtornos de personalidade como possíveis preditores de resultados em CB. Método: Pesquisas nas bases de dados PsycInfo, PubMed e Scopus foram realizadas entre os anos de 2005 e 2015, considerando os descritores “bariatric” AND “personality”. Foram incluídos estudos longitudinais quantitativos, em inglês, português ou espanhol, que avaliaram personalidade como preditor de desfecho em CB em população com 18 anos ou mais. Resultados: Dezesseis artigos foram analisados. Os achados sugerem que alterações externalizantes podem estar associadas à menor perda de peso, enquanto que as alterações internalizantes a preocupações somáticas e distúrbios psicológicos; a dimensão persistência (temperamento no modelo de Cloninger) foi associada positivamente a maior perda de peso, enquanto que o fator neuroticismo (Modelo dos Cinco Fatores), e a existência de transtornos da personalidade não foram se mostraram preditivos de perda de peso. Ainda, os resultados indicam uma tendência à redução da prevalência de transtornos de personalidade e diminuição dos escores de neuroticismo e aumento dos escores de extroversão após a CB. Conclusões: A avaliação das características de personalidade, como poder preditivo ou em suas alterações ao longo do processo da CB, torna-se importante a medida que pode auxiliar no prognóstico cirúrgico e no planejamento de intervenções junto a essa população.

Palavras-chave

Personalidade, cirurgia bariátrica, psicopatologia, obesidade

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