Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
https://trends.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/2237-6089-2016-0041
Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
Original Article

Assessment of factors related to smokers' adherence to a short-term support group for smoking cessation: a longitudinal study in a developing country

Avaliação dos fatores associados à adesão de fumantes a um grupo de apoio de curta duração para a cessação de tabagismo: um estudo longitudinal em um país em desenvolvimento

Luciana Rizzieri Figueiró; Helena Maria Tannhauser Barros; Maristela Ferigolo; Denise Conceição Mesquita Dantas

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2237-6089-2016-0041 Trends Psychiatry Psychother, vol.39, n1, p.19-28, 2017
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Abstract

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to determine which individual characteristics of smokers are associated with their adherence to a support group for smoking cessation. Methods: Smokers from Porto Alegre, Brazil, were invited to participate in a support group for smoking cessation consisting of four weekly sessions. Demographic data, smoking history, presence of tobacco-related diseases, severity of nicotine dependence, stage of motivation, and symptoms of anxiety and depression were evaluated at baseline. Adherence was defined as attendance at group sessions and was measured at the second and fourth sessions of the program. Results: The study recruited 167 smokers who attended the first meeting and met criteria for admission to the study. One hundred and two of the participants returned to the second session and only 55 of those who attended the first meeting completed the four-week program. For immediate adherence (second session), adult smokers over the age of 35 were more likely to adhere to the treatment (p = 0.004), whereas smoking higher numbers of cigarettes per day was associated with lower adherence to attendance at group meetings (p = 0.031). For final adherence (fourth session), only minimal level symptoms of anxiety were associated with a higher likelihood of adherence (p = 0.02). Conclusions: Older smokers, those who smoked fewer cigarettes per day, and those with lower levels of anxiety exhibited higher rates of adherence to a smoking cessation support group.

Keywords

Adherence, smoking cessation, motivation, tobacco use disorder, comorbidity

Resumo

Resumo Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar quais características individuais de fumantes estão associadas à sua adesão a um grupo de apoio para a cessação do tabagismo. Métodos: Fumantes de Porto Alegre, Brasil, foram convidados a participar de um grupo de apoio para a cessação do tabagismo realizado em quatro reuniões semanais. Dados sociodemográficos, história tabagística, presença de doenças relacionadas ao tabaco, severidade da dependência de nicotina, estágio motivacional e sintomas de ansiedade e depressão foram avaliados no início do estudo. Adesão foi definida como estar presente nas reuniões do grupo, e foi medida na segunda e na quarta sessões do programa. Resultados: O estudo recrutou 167 fumantes que compareceram ao primeiro encontro e preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Desses participantes, 102 retornaram para a segunda sessão, e apenas 55 completaram as quatro semanas do programa. Com relação à adesão imediata (segunda sessão), adultos com idade superior a 35 anos mostraram maior probabilidade de aderir ao tratamento (p = 0.004), enquanto um maior número de cigarros por dia foi associado com menor adesão (p = 0.031). Para a adesão final (quarta sessão), apenas um nível mínimo de ansiedade foi associado com maior probabilidade de adesão (p = 0.02). Conclusões: Fumantes mais velhos, que fumavam menos cigarros por dia, e com menores níveis de ansiedade exibiram maiores taxas de adesão ao programa de apoio para a cessação do tabagismo.

Palavras-chave

Adesão, cessação do tabagismo, motivação, transtorno por uso de tabaco, comorbidade

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