Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
https://trends.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/2237-6089-2017-0045
Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
Original Article

Validation and invariance across gender of the Beliefs About Appearance Scale (BAAS) in a community sample of heterosexual adults in a committed relationship

Estudo de validação e invariância de gênero da Escala de Crenças Acerca da Aparência Corporal numa amostra da comunidade de adultos heterossexuais num relacionamento comprometido

Patrícia M. Pascoal; Maria-João Alvarez; Magda Sofia Roberto

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2237-6089-2017-0045 Trends Psychiatry Psychother, vol.40, n2, p.126-135, 2018
PDF
SciELO
Downloads: 0
Views: 491

Abstract

Abstract Objective To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Beliefs About Appearance Scale (BAAS) in terms of its factorial structure and invariance, reliability, and validity when applied to adults from the community. Methods Participants consisted of 810 heterosexual Portuguese individuals in a committed relationship. As a confirmatory factor analysis did not support the original structure of the BAAS, an exploratory factor analysis was performed. Results A 12-item version was extracted comprising two dimensions: one personal and the other social. The factorial model depicting this bidimensional structure revealed an adequate fit following confirmatory factor analysis. Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses indicated invariance across gender. Concurrent and discriminant validities and internal consistency were estimated and observed to be adequate. Conclusions This shorter measure of the BAAS can accurately assess body appearance beliefs and may be used in different research settings and contexts.

Keywords

Body appearance, beliefs, validation, factor analyses, multigroup analysis

Resumo

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar as propriedades psicométricas da Beliefs About Appearance Scale (BAAS), nomeadamente sua estrutura fatorial e invariância, fidelidade e validade quando aplicada a adultos de uma amostra comunitária. Métodos Participaram 810 heterossexuais portugueses envolvidos numa relação de compromisso. Uma vez que a análise fatorial confirmatória não apoiou a estrutura original da escala, conduziu-se uma análise exploratória. Resultados Extraiu-se uma versão da escala com 12 itens, que integra duas dimensões: uma pessoal e outra social. O modelo fatorial composto por esta estrutura bidimensional revelou um ajustamento adequado aos dados, após a análise fatorial confirmatória. A análise confirmatória multigrupos indicou invariância entre os gêneros. A validade concorrente e discriminante e a consistência interna foram estimadas e apresentaram valores adequados. Conclusões A versão final, com 12 itens, da BAAS avalia com acuidade as crenças acerca da aparência corporal e pode ser utilizada em diferentes contextos de investigação.

Palavras-chave

Aparência corporal, crenças, validação, análise fatorial, análise multigrupos

References

Cash T. Beyond traits: Assessing body image states. Body image: A handbook of theory, research, and clinical practice. 2002:163-70.

Beck AT. Cognitive therapy: Basics and beyond. 1995.

Probst M, Vandereycken W, Van Coppenolle H, Vanderlinden J. The Body Attitude Test for patients with an eating disorder: Psychometric characteristics of a new questionnaire. Eat Disord J Treat Prev. 1995;3:133-44.

Cash T, Morrow JA, Hrabosky JI, Perry AA. How has body image changed? a cross-sectional investigation of college women and men from 1983 to 2001. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2004;72:1081-9.

Levinson CA, Rodebaugh TL, White EK, Menatti AR, Weeks JW, Iacovino JM. Social appearance anxiety, perfectionism, and fear of negative evaluation. Distinct or shared risk factors for social anxiety and eating disorders?. Appetite. 2013;67:125-33.

Silva E, Pascoal PM, Nobre P. Beliefs about appearance, cognitive distraction and sexual functioning in men and women: A mediation model based on cognitive theory. J Sex Med. 2016;13:1387-94.

Richards HS, Jenkinson E, Rumsey N, White P, Garrott H, Herbert H. The psychological well-being and appearance concerns of patients presenting with ptosis. Eye. 2014;28:296-302.

Cash T, Melnyk SE, Hrabosky JI. The assessment of body image investment: An extensive revision of the appearance schemas inventory. Int J Eat Disord. 2004;35:305-16.

Spangler DL, Stice E. Validation of the Beliefs About Appearance Scale. Cogn Ther Res. 2001;25:813-27.

Tekin EG, Dogan T. The internal consistency reliability and construct validity of the Turkish translation of the beliefs about appearance scale. Int J Hum Sci. 2014;11:1178-87.

Hill MM, Hill A. Investigação por Questionário. 2000.

Pascoal PM, Narciso I, Pereira NM. Emotional intimacy is the best predictor of sexual satisfaction of men and women with sexual arousal problems. Int J Impot Res. 2013;25:51-5.

Franzoi SL, Shields SA. The Body Esteem Scale: Multidimensional structure and sex differences in a college population. J Pers Assess. 1984;48:173-8.

Barbosa MR, Costa ME. A influência da vinculação aos pais na imagem corporal de adolescentes e jovens. Cad Cons Psicol. 2001;17/18:83-94.

Bentler PM. Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychol Bull. 1990;107:238-46.

Hu L, Bentler P. Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification. Psychol Methods. 1998;3:424-53.

Akaike H. A new look at the statistical model identification. IEE Trans Autom Control. 1974;19:716-23.

Kass RE, Raftery AE. Bayes factors. J Am Stat Assoc. 1995;90:773-95.

Bollen K. Structural equations with latent variables. 1989.

Stewart D, Barnes J, Cote J, Cudeck R, Malthouse E. Factor analysis. J Consum Psychol. 2001;10:75-82.

Satorra A, Bentler PM. A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis. Psychometrika. 2001;66:507-14.

Nunnally JC, Bernstein IH. Psychometric theory. 1994.

McCabe MP, Ricciardelli LA, Thompson JK. Weight and Shape Concerns of Boys and Men. Handbook of eating disorders and obesity. 2004:606-34.

Tiggemann M, Lynch JE. Body image across the life span in adult women: The role of self-objectification. Dev Psychol. 2001;37:243-53.

McKinley NM, Calogero RM, Tantleff-Dunn S, Thompson JK. Continuity and change in self-objectification: Taking a life-span approach to women´s experiences of objectified body consciousness. Self-objectification in women: Causes, consequences, and counteractions. 2011:101-15.

Moradi B, Yu-Ping H. Objectification theory and psychology of women: a decade of advances and future directions. Psychol Women Q. 2008;32:377-98.

Fredrickson BL, Roberts T-A. Objectification theory: toward understanding women’s lived experiences and mental health risks. Psychol Women Q. 1997;21:173-206.

Maiano C, Morin AJS, Eklund RC, Monthuy-Blanc J, Garbarino J-M, Stephan Y. Construct validity of the social physique anxiety scale in a french adolescent sample. J Pers Assess. 2010;92:53-62.

Choma B, Visser B, Pozzebon J, Bogaert A, Busseri M, Sadava S. Self-objectification, self-esteem, and gender: testing a moderated mediation model. Sex Roles. 2010;63:645-56.

Grieve R, Helmick A. The influence of men’s self-objectification on the drive for muscularity: Self- esteem, body satisfaction and muscle dysmorphia. Int J Mens Health. 2008;7:288-98.

Parent MC, Schwartz EN, Bradstreet TC. Men’s body image. APA handbook of men and masculinities. 2016:591-614.

6169bb5aa953954c2626e3d6 trends Articles
Links & Downloads
2238-0019 (Electronic)
Trends Psychiatry Psychother ©2024 All rights reserved.

Trends Psychiatry Psychother

Share this page
Page Sections