Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
https://trends.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/2237-6089-2018-0068
Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
Original Article

Resilience levels among adolescents with ADHD using quantitative measures in a family-design study

Níveis de resiliência em adolescentes com TDAH: um estudo de família utilizando medidas quantitativas

Maria Angélica Rates Regalla; Daniel Segenreich; Priscilla Rodrigues Guilherme; Paulo Mattos

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2237-6089-2018-0068 Trends Psychiatry Psychother, vol.41, n3, p.262-267, 2019
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Abstract

Abstract Objectives To investigate resilience levels in adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using quantitative measures when compared to their non-affected siblings and controls. We also aimed to investigate the correlation between resilience and depression, anxiety, intelligence quotient (IQ) and socioeconomic status, which may affect resilience levels and be potential confounders. Methods Adolescents (n=45) diagnosed with ADHD referred to an outpatient ADHD clinic, and their siblings without ADHD (n=27), with ages ranging from 12 to 17 years, were interviewed along with their parents using a semi-structured interview (Children’s Interview for Psychiatric Syndromes - Parent Version). Intelligence was measured with the Block Design and Vocabulary subtests from the Wechsler Battery. Anxiety and depression were investigated using the Children State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (CSTAI) and the Child Depression Inventory (CDI), respectively. Resilience was investigated using the Resilience Scale. A control group (typically developing adolescents [TDA] and their siblings; n=39) was recruited in another outpatient facility and at two schools using the same methodology. Results Socioeconomic status and intelligence levels, which may affect resilience, were similar in all groups. Adolescents with ADHD showed lower resilience levels compared to siblings and TDA even when controlled for anxiety and depression levels, which were higher in ADHD. Resilience levels were higher in siblings than in adolescents with ADHD, and lower than in TDA – this last result without statistical significance. Conclusion In our sample, ADHD in adolescents was associated with lower resilience, even when controlled for confounders often seen in association with the disorder.

Keywords

Resilience, adolescents, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Resumo

Resumo Objetivos Investigar níveis de resiliência em adolescentes com transtorno do déficit de atenção/hiperatividade (TDAH) empregando medidas quantitativas de modo comparativo a irmãos não afetados e controles. Também se investigou a correlação entre resiliência e depressão, ansiedade, quociente de inteligência (QI) e status socioeconômico, que podem afetar os níveis de resiliência e atuar como confundidores potenciais. Métodos Adolescentes (n=45) diagnosticados com TDAH e encaminhados para um serviço ambulatorial de TDAH e seus irmãos sem o transtorno (n=27), com idades entre 12 e 17 anos, foram entrevistados junto com seus pais utilizando-se uma entrevista semiestruturada (Children’s Interview for Psychiatric Syndromes - Parent Version), em português). A inteligência foi mensurada com os subtestes Blocos e Vocabulário da Bateria Wechsler. Ansiedade e depressão foram investigados com o Inventário de Estado-Traço Infantil [Children State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (CSTAI)] e o Inventário de Depressão Infantil [Child Depression Inventory (CDI)], respectivamente. A resiliência foi mensurada utilizando-se a Escala de Resiliência. Um grupo controle [adolescentes com desenvolvimento típico (ADT) e seus irmãos; n=39] foi recrutado em outro serviço ambulatorial e em duas escolas, empregando a mesma metodologia. Resultados O status socioeconômico e os níveis de inteligência, que podem afetar a resiliência, foram similares em todos os grupos. Adolescentes com TDAH apresentaram menores níveis de resiliência comparados aos seus irmãos e a ADT, mesmo após ajuste para níveis de ansiedade e depressão, que eram mais altos no TDAH. Os níveis de resiliência foram mais altos em irmãos do que nos portadores de TDAH, porém menores que em ADT – este último resultado sem significância estatística. Conclusão Em nossa amostra, adolescentes com TDAH apresentaram menor resiliência, mesmo após controle para confundidores habitualmente associados ao transtorno.

Palavras-chave

Resiliência, adolescentes, transtorno do déficit de atenção/hiperatividade

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