Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
https://trends.org.br/article/doi/10.1590/S2237-60892013000200007
Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
Original Article

Transdiagnostic treatment using a unified protocol: application for patients with a range of comorbid mood and anxiety disorders

Tratamento transdiagnóstico utilizando um protocolo unificado: aplicação em pacientes com diferentes transtornos de humor e ansiedade comórbidos

Ana Claudia C. de Ornelas Maia; Arthur Azevedo Braga; Cristiane Aparecida Nunes; Antonio Egidio Nardi; Adriana Cardoso Silva

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2237-60892013000200007 Trends Psychiatry Psychother, vol.35, n2, p.134-140, 2013
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a unified cognitive-behavioral therapy protocol for group treatment of patients with a range of comorbid mood and anxiety disorders. METHODS: In this open-trial study, the unified protocol was followed for the psychotherapeutic treatment of 16 patients with comorbid mood and anxiety disorders, confirmed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories, the World Health Organization Quality of Life evaluation instrument, and the ARIZONA scale of sexual function were used to evaluate progress in patients throughout the therapeutic process. RESULTS: All patients showed unipolar depressive disorder. Comorbidity with anxiety disorders was distributed as follows: generalized anxiety disorder, 13 (81.3%); panic disorder, 3 (18.8%); social anxiety disorder, 1 (6.3%); and post-traumatic stress disorder, 1 (6.3%). Improvement was observed in the signs and symptoms of depression (F = 78.62, p < 0.001) and anxiety (F = 19.64, p < 0.001), overall quality of life (F = 39.72, p < 0.001), physical domain (F = 28.15, p < 0.001)), psychological variables (F = 9.90, p = 0.007), social functioning (F = 36.86, p < 0.001), environmental variables (F = 27.63, p < 0.001), and sexuality (F = 13.13; p < 0.005). All parameters showed highly significant correlations (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: An effort to establish one unified treatment protocol for a whole family of emotional disorders (primarily mood and anxiety disorders) showed benefits in the field of clinical psychology and for the treatment of patients. No other data were found in the literature describing the implementation of the unified protocol in a transdiagnostic group. Our results revealed statistically significant improvement in all variables, suggesting that the protocol proposed can become an important tool to improve quality of life, sexuality, and anxiety/depression symptoms in patients with different diagnoses.

Keywords

Protocol, transdiagnostic approach, anxiety, depression

Resumo

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia de um protocolo unificado de terapia cognitivo-comportamental para tratamento em grupo de pacientes com diferentes transtornos de humor e ansiedade comórbidos. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo aberto, o protocolo unificado foi seguido no tratamento psicoterápico de 16 pacientes com transtornos de humor e ansiedade comórbidos, confirmados pelo Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Os Inventários de Depressão e Ansiedade de Beck, o instrumento de avaliação de qualidade de vida da Organização Mundial da Saúde e a escala ARIZONA de função sexual foram utilizados para avaliar o progresso em pacientes ao longo de todo o processo terapêutico. RESULTADOS: Todos os pacientes tinham transtorno depressivo unipolar. A comorbidade com transtornos de ansiedade apresentou a seguinte distribuição: transtorno de ansiedade generalizada, 13 (81,3%); transtorno do pânico, 3 (18,8%); fobia social, 1 (6,3%); e transtorno do estresse pós-traumático, 1 (6,3%). Foi observada melhora nos sinais e sintomas de depressão (F = 78,62, p < 0,001) e ansiedade (F = 19,64, p < 0,001), na qualidade de vida geral (F = 39,72, p < 0,001), no domínio físico (F = 28,15, p < 0,001)), em variáveis psicológicas (F = 9,90, p = 0,007), funcionamento social (F = 36,86, p < 0,001), variáveis ambientais (F = 27,63, p < 0,001) e sexualidade (F = 13,13; p < 0,005). Todos os parâmetros demonstraram correlações altamente significativas (p < 0,01). CONCLUSÃO: O esforço para estabelecer um protocolo unificado de tratamento para toda uma família de transtornos emocionais (especialmente humor e ansiedade) mostrou benefícios na área da psicologia clínica e no tratamento dos pacientes. Não foram encontrados outros dados na literatura descrevendo a implementação do protocolo unificado em um grupo transdiagnóstico. Nossos resultados revelaram uma melhora estatisticamente significativa em todas as variáveis, sugerindo que o protocolo proposto pode se tornar uma ferramenta importante para melhorar qualidade de vida, sexualidade e sintomas de ansiedade/depressão em pacientes com diferentes diagnósticos.

Palavras-chave

Protocolo, abordagem transdiagnóstica, ansiedade, depressão

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