Parental training in groups: a brief health promotion program
Marcella Cassiano Russo, Isabela Pizzarro Rebessi, Carmem Beatriz Neufeld
Abstract
Objective
To propose a brief parenting program offered in the context of health promotion and evaluate the immediate results relating to use of appropriate parenting practices and quality of parent-child interaction.
Methods
Forty-five parents of school-age children from two non-governmental institutions located in a medium-sized city in the state of Sao Paulo participated in the study. The following assessment tools were used in the pre and post-tests: the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Quality of Family Interaction Scales (EQIFs), and the Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria (CCEB). Only scores of parents who attended 75% of the program were included in the analysis (25 participants).
Results
Most of the participants who completed the program were grouped in socioeconomic levels B and C (72%) and the complaints reported in the pre-test centered on disobedience and stubbornness (29.6%, each). Regarding parents’ perceptions of their educational practices and interaction with the children, improvements were detected in several of the aspects measured: affective relationship, involvement, model, communication, rules and monitoring, and children’s feelings, besides reduction in use of physical punishment and negative marital atmosphere (p < 0.03). Reductions were detected in aggressive behavior (p = 0.02) and externalizing problems (p = 0.04).
Conclusion
Despite the small sample and application in a specific community, this quick and affordable intervention seems to have yielded improvements in parent’s monitoring and their affective relationships with their children, in addition to reductions in punishments and children’s aggressive behavior, contributing to better parent-child interaction in the community.
Keywords
References
1 Enebrink P, Danneman M, Mattsson VB, Ulfsdotter M, Jalling C, Lindberg L. ABC for parents: pilot study of a universal 4-session program shows increased parenting skills, self-efficacy and child well-being. J Child Fam Stud. 2015;24:1917-31.
2 Sousa AP, José Filho M. A importância da parceria entre família e escola no desenvolvimento educacional. Rev Iberoamer Educ. 2007;44:1-8.
3 Strand PS. Responsive parenting and child socialization: Integrating two contexts of family life. J Child Fam Stud. 2000;9:269-81.
4 Coie JD. Prevention of violence and antisocial behavior. In: Peters RD, McMahon RJ, eds. Preventing childhood disorders, substance abuse, and delinquency. Banff international behavioral science series. Thousand Oaks: Sage; 1996. p. 1-18.
5 Edwards RC, Hans SL. Infant risk factors associated with internalizing, externalizing, and co-occurring behavioral problems in young children. Dev Psychol. 2015;51:489-99.
6 Olivares J, Mendes FX, Ros MC. O treinamento de pais em contexto clínico e da saúde. In: Caballo VE, Simon MA, eds. Manual de psicologia clínica infantil e do adolescente. São Paulo: Santos; 2005. p. 365-85.
7 Sanders MR, Markie-Dadds C, Turner KMT. Practitioner’s manual for Standard Triple P. Brisbane: Families International Publishing; 2000.
8 Bultas MW, McMillin SE, Broom MA, Zand DH. Brief, rapid response, parenting interventions within primary care settings. J Behav Health Serv Res. 2015:1-5.
9 Kato N, Yanagawa T, Fujiwara T, Morawska A. Prevalence of children‘s mental health problems and the effectiveness of population-level family interventions. J Epidemiol. 2015;25:507-16.
10 Lobo BOM, Flach K, Andretta I. Treinamento de pais na terapia cognitivo-comportamental para crianças com transtornos externalizantes. Psicol Pesq. 2011;5:126-34.
11 Anselmi L, Fleitlich-Bilyk B, Menezes AM, Araújo CL, Rohde LA. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a Brazilian birth cohort of 11-year-olds. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2010;45: 135-42.
12 Fleitlich-Bilyk B, Goodman R. Prevalence of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders in southeast Brazil. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004;43:727-34.
13 Barkley RA. Defiant children: a clinican’s manual for asessment and parent training. New York: Guilford Press; 1997
14 Caminha MG. Treinamento de pais: aplicações clínicas. In: Caminha RM, Caminha MG, eds. Intervenções e treinamento de pais na clínica infantil. Porto Alegre: Sinopsys; 2011. p. 89-120.
15 Forehand R, Kotchick BA. Behavioral parent training: current challenges and potential solutions. J Child Fam Stud. 2002;11: 377-84.
16 Eyberg SM, Nelson MM, Boggs SR. Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for children and adolescents with disruptive behavior. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2008;37:215-37.
17 Kaminski JW, Valle LA, Filene JH, Boyle CL. A meta-analytic review of components associated with parent training program effectiveness. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2008;36:567-89.
18 Hiscock H, Bayer JK, Price A, Ukoumunne OC, Rogers S, Wake M. Universal parenting programme to prevent early childhood behavioural problems: cluster randomised trial. BMJ. 2008;336:318-21.
19 Sanders MR. Triple P-Positive Parenting Program as a public health approach to strengthening parenting. J Fam Psychol. 2008;22:1939-293.
20 Webster-Stratton C. The incredible years: Parents, teachers, and children training series. Resid Treat Child Youth. 2001;18:31-45.
21 Serketich WJ, Dumas JE. The effectiveness of behavioral parent training to modify antisocial behavior in children: a meta-analysis. Behav Ther. 1996;27:171-86.
22 Fabrizio CS, Lam TH, Hirschmann MR, Stewart SM. A brief parenting intervention to enhance the parent–child relationship in Hong Kong: Harmony@ Home. J Child Fam Stud. 2013;22: 603-13.
23 Weber LND, Brandenburg OJ, Salvador APV. Programa de Qualidade na Interação Familiar (PQIF): orientação e treinamento para pais. Psico. 2006;37:139-49.
24 Pinheiro MI, Haase VG, Del Prette A, Amarante CL, Del Prette ZA. Treinamento de habilidades sociais educativas para pais de crianças com problemas de comportamento. Psicol Reflex Crit. 2006;19:407-14.
25 Hamilton VE, Matthews JM, Crawford SB. Development and preliminary validation of a parenting self-regulation scale: “me as a parent”. J Child Fam Stud. 2015;24:2853-64.
26 Neufeld CB, Maehara NP. Um programa cognitivo-comportamental de pais em grupos. In: Caminha MG, Caminha RM, eds. Intervenções e treinamento de pais na clínica infantil. Porto Alegre: Sinopsys; 2011. p. 149-76.
27 Cassiano M, Neufeld CB. PROPAIS II: programa cognitivo-comportamental de orientação de pais visando à promoção de saúde. In: Neufeld CB, ed. Intervenções e pesquisas em terapia cognitivo-comportamental com indivíduos e grupos. Novo Hamburgo: Sinopsys; 2014. p. 148-80
28 Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa (ABEP). Critério de classificação econômica Brasil 2013 [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2021 Feb 1]. www.abep.org/criterio-brasil » www.abep.org/criterio-brasil
29 Weber LN, Salvador AV, Brandeburg OJ. Escalas de qualidade de interação familiar - EQIF. In: Weber LND, Dessen MA, eds. Pesquisando a família: instrumentos para a coleta e análise de dados. Curitiba: Juruá; 2009. p. 57-68.
30 Achenbach TM, Rescorla LA. Manual for the ASEBA school-age forms & profiles. Burlington: University of Vermont Research Center for Children, Youth & Families; 2001.
31 Lambertucci MR, de Carvalho HW. Avaliação da efetividade terapêutica de um programa de treinamento de pais em uma comunidade carente de Belo Horizonte. Contextos Clínicos. 2008;1:106-12.
32 Bolsoni-Silva AT, Silveira FF, Marturano EM. Promovendo habilidades sociais educativas parentais na prevenção de problemas de comportamento. Rev Bras Ter Comport Cogn. 2008;10:125-42.
33 Marinho ML. Um programa estruturado para o treinamento dos pais. In: Caballo VE, Simon MA, Manual de psicologia clínica infantil e do adolescente: transtornos específicos. São Paulo: Santos; 2005. p.417-43.
34 Murray KW, Woodruff K, Moon C, Finney C. Using text messaging to improve attendance and completion in a parent training program. J Child Fam Stud. 2015;24:3107-16.
35 Thompson RW, Ruma PR, Schuchmann LF, Burke RV. A cost-effectiveness evaluation of parent training. J Child Fam Stud. 1996;5:415-29.
36 Kumpfer KL, Molgaard V, Spoth R. The strengthening families program for the prevention of delinquency and drug use. In: Peters RD, McMahon JR, eds. Vol. 3. Preventing childhood disorders, substance abuse, and delinquency. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications Inc.; 1996. p. 241-67.
37 Patterson GR. The next generation of PMTO models. Behav Ther (N Y N Y). 2005;28:27-33.
38 Webster-Stratton C, Hammond M. Treating children with early-onset conduct problems: a comparison of child and parent training interventions. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1997;65:93-109.
39 Webster-Stratton C, McCoy KP. Bringing The Incredible Years® Programs to Scale. New Dir Child Adolesc Dev. 2015;2015: 81-95.
40 Motta DC, Falcone EM, Clark C, Manhães AC. Positive parenting practices bring benefits to the development of empathy in children. Psicol Estud. 2006;11:523-32.
41 Borsa JC, Segabinazi JD, Stenert F, Yates DB, Bandeira DR. Caracterização da clientela infanto-juvenil de uma clínica-escola de avaliação psicológica de uma universidade brasileira. Psico. 2012;44:73-81.
Facebook
Google+
Twitter
LinkedIn
Mendeley
StumbleUpon
CiteULike
Reddit
Email